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  • '''Hermeneutics''' is the study of [[interpretation]] theory. [[Tradition]]al hermeneutics - which includes [[Bible|Biblical]] hermeneut Philosophical hermeneutics refers primarily to [[Hans-Georg Gadamer]]'s theory of [[knowledge]] as developed in ''Truth and Method'', and sometimes to [[P
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  • ...electrical activity of brainwaves.[8] Victor Stenger and Leon Lederman are critical of attempts to use quantum physics to bridge any unexplained or seemingly i
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  • In [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_theory probability theory], the '''normal''' (or Gaussian) distribution is a very commonly occurring ...people rallied both in [[criticism]] and defense of the book. A number of critical [[texts]] were written in response to the [[book]].
    4 KB (620 words) - 01:21, 13 December 2020
  • ...ilosopher [[Michel Foucault]] (1926-1984) and [[Jürgen Habermas]]' ''[[The Theory of Communicative Action]]'' (''Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns''). Each ...these two. This perspective has also then had an influential bearing on [[critical psychology]].
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  • ...group to minimize [[conflict]] and reach a [[consensus]] decision without critical [[evaluation]]. ...mmunication studies, [[political science]], management, and organizational theory, as well as important aspects of deviant religious [[cult]] behaviour.
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  • ...ion theory has periodically connoted a heavy orientation toward [[critical theory]] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodern postmodern] philosophical n
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  • Later studies were critical of Freud's theory. [[Research]] supports the existence of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa
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  • ...s. For example, Paulo Freire referred to his method of teaching adults as "critical pedagogy". In correlation with those teaching strategies the instructor's o ...[[English]]-speaking world the term pedagogy refers to the [[science]] or theory of educating.[5] The late Malcolm Knowles reasoned that the term andragogy
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  • ...denying the possibility of truth, in fact it appears to have mainly been a critical school which merely claimed that logicians had not discovered truth. ...al skeptic. However, Descartes was not himself a skeptic and developed his theory of an absolute certainty to disprove other skeptics who argued that there i
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  • ...most notably the works of Professor Emeritus [[Richard L. Gregory]]. This theory is increasingly gaining experimental support and could be surmised as dynam ...re 'enriching', which is the role of the mental model. A different type of theory is the [[perceptual ecology]] approach of [[J. J. Gibson|James J. Gibson]].
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  • A scientific theory whose assertions are not in accordance with observations and [[evidence]] w ...nd the sun seen in the 1919 eclipse, a prediction of [[Albert Einstein]]'s theory of [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Relativity#GENERAL_RELAT
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  • ...iography, [[linguistics]], sociolinguistics, [[psychoanalysis]], political theory, feminism, and queer studies. His work still has a major influence in the a Critical obituaries of Derrida were published in The New York Times, The Economist,
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  • ...d conferences and publish newsletters and journals devoted to oral history theory and practices. ...through a deed of gift, which also establishes copyright ownership that is critical for publication and archival
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  • "We are [[assured]] that "[[critical mass]]" has finally been reached and our treasured, famous [[Urantia]] is o ...matic]] behaviour seen in those so effected. For now, I still hold to my [[theory]] of an inherited, very low all-or-none firing threshold of the cerebral ne
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  • ...lures he perceived in realism, empiricism, and idealism and to establish a critical method of approach in the distinction between epistemology and metaphysics. ...nd "objectivism" are not synonymous, with objectivism being an ontological theory that incorporates a commitment to the objectivity of objects.
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  • ...f light from a denser medium occurs if the angle of incidence is above the critical angle. ...of [[architectural acoustics]], because the nature of these reflections is critical to the auditory feel of a space.
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  • == Ideology and Semiotic Theory == ...in Cognitive Science, Linguistics, Philosophy, Post-Modernism and Critical Theory ==
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  • In [[postmodern]] theory, [[semiotics]] begins with the individual building blocks of [[meaning]] ca == Literary theory ==
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  • ...ur thinking and perceptions then it dampens or diminishes the capacity for critical thinking and recognition of the necessity for having a critically correctiv ...akers and more on the process and information. And I know you get this in theory, but it is easy to also slide into patterns that can be detrimental when th
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  • ...his level includes Wheeler's [[Oscillatory universe|oscillating universe]] theory as well.) ...t is widely believed that Everett's interpretation (considered as a formal theory) is a [[conservative extension]] of standard quantum mechanics – tha
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  • ..., a large number of hypotheses may be logically bound together by a single theory. A ''[[physical law]]'' or ''law of nature'' is a scientific generalization ...y turn out to be imperfect if new observations are inconsistent with them. Critical to this process is making every relevant aspect of research publicly availa
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  • ...oblem solving in children. David McNeill (1992, 2006)has developed a broad theory about how gesture and speech are part of a single [[thought]] [[process]]. ...e Hague: Mouton and Co. [Includes as an Introduction by Kendon an extended critical survey of methodological and theoretical issues in the field].
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  • ...rs should note that theory for its own sake is not valued in Buddhism, but theory pursued in the interest of enlightenment for oneself or others is fully con ...his dimension has been preserved by the [[Madhyamaka]] school. It includes critical rejections of all views, which is a form of philosophy, but it is reluctant
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  • ==The System of Critical Philosophy== ...wever must address the paradox which here emerges and permeates the entire critical philosophy:
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  • ...ich'', p. 7. London: Phaidon Press</ref> Works of art criticism and of art theory frequently have been the pivots upon which the understanding of art history ...comparable style, or sanctioning an entire style or movement; and ''[[art theory]]'', which is concerned with the fundamental nature of art, and is more rel
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  • ...nobe/rorty.html] An interview with Rorty] Davidson, D., 1986, "A Coherence Theory of Truth and Knowledge," Truth And Interpretation, Perspectives on the Phil ...rt, postmodern philosophy has spawned substantial literature of [[critical theory]]. Other areas of production have included [[deconstruction]] and several
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  • ...nguage of understanding is already caught up in sensible [[metaphor]]s ("[[theory]]," for instance, in Greek, means "to [[vision|see]]"). ...flux, and differed from one re-[[readers|reading]] to the next, a general theory describing this phenomenon was unachievable.
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  • mirrors which is that of modernist theory and practice’ (141)3 have tantalising resonances with our secondary and parasitic [[discourse]] over immediacy, of the critical over the creative’ (38) in today’s
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  • ...J. Robert Cox and Charles Arthur Willard, eds. ''Advances in Argumentation Theory and Research'', Southern Illinois University Press, 1983 ISBN 0809310503, I ...Principia is no longer much used, having been largely supplanted by [[set theory]]. As the study of formal logic expanded, research no longer focused solel
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  • ..., a large number of hypotheses may be logically bound together by a single theory. A ''[[physical law]]'' or ''law of nature'' is a scientific generalization ...y turn out to be imperfect if new observations are inconsistent with them. Critical to this process is making every relevant aspect of research publicly availa
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  • ...n essayist Renato Poggioli's 1962 book Teoria dell'arte d'avanguardia (The Theory of the Avant-Garde). Surveying the historical, social, psychological and ph ...of the Avant-Garde (1974) looks at the Establishment's embrace of socially critical works of art and suggests that in complicity with [[capitalism]], "art as a
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  • ...what lies beyond the realm of [[metaphysics]]. It is a [[parody]] of the [[theory]] and methods of modern science and is often expressed in [[nonsense|nonsen ...metaphors and metaphysics). The pataphor may also be said to function as a critical tool, describing the world of "assumptions based on assumptions," such as b
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  • ...]]. Protection of infrastructural capital built up over generations became critical: city walls, irrigation systems, sewage systems, aqueducts, [[building]]s, ...that we now call classical economics and Marxian economics (''see [[labor theory of value]]''). Marx distinguishes in the ''Grundrisse'' between material we
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  • ...ip with information science. LIS should not be confused with [[information theory]], the mathematical study of the [[concept]] of information, or [[informati ...luenced by information science concepts. Although a basic understanding is critical to both library research and practical work, the area of information scienc
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  • ...nsider the behaviour not to be essential to the emotion. The [[James-Lange theory]] posits that emotional experience is largely due to the experience of bod ...modern version of such theories comes from William James in the 1880s. The theory lost favour in the 20th Century, but has regained popularity more recently
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  • ...pseudoscience [8] due to the lack of replicable results, and of a positive theory that explains the outcomes of experiments.[9][10][11] ...[18] Based upon both of their studies, which recommended a higher level of critical research and tighter controls, the CIA terminated the 20 million dollar pro
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  • ...s lack of explicit doctrinal criticisms of cults has elicited considerable critical comment from countercult apologists. Some countercult apologists cannot rec ...es, and the testimonies of former members (which he refers to as apostates critical of their previous groups. While testifying as an expert witness in a lawsui
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  • ...perspective in social theory comes from the classic Foundations of Social Theory by James S. Coleman. Coleman offers a four-part definition: A critical element in studies of trust behavior is [[power]]. One who is in a position
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  • ...[[method]]s used to assess or to "measure" risk, considered as one of the critical indicators important for human [[decision]] making. Thus, in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_theory statistical decision theory], the risk [[function]] of an estimator δ(x) for a parameter θ, calculate
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  • ...s fail across the board.". His work formulates what he calls an "integral theory of consciousness." He is a leading proponent of the integral movement and ...'Integral Psychology'' and wrote ''A Theory of Everything'' (2000). In ''A Theory of Everything'' Wilber attempts to bridge business, politics, science and s
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  • ...y, and its mathematical description thus follows logically from Einstein's theory of gravity. ...resulted in the current "crisis in cosmology" which begs for the Big Bang theory to be replaced with another cosmological model.
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  • ...ed the difference as the first being rooted in assumption, the second in [[critical thinking]], and the third in positive observation. This framework, still re ...d, seemingly, resisted mathematical study, and yet the [[Natural Selection|Theory of Natural Selection]] and the implied idea of [[Genetic inheritance]] - la
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  • ...have constructed a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_theory critical theory] of childhood and childhood [[education]] that they have labeled kindercult
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  • ...or the sum virtue with regard to one's relations with others. Aristotle's theory of virtue helped define the excellent man as one who excelled in leading a ...elf-actualization, as high-order needs, are internally satisfied. Maslow's theory was a psychology of the whole person.
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  • ...story, possibly even causing its failure (See [[Battle of Lade]]). Another theory explains the birth of philosophical debate in Athens with the presence of a ...wiser than Socrates. Through these live dialogues, he examined common but critical concepts that lacked clear or concrete definitions, such as beauty and trut
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  • ...ry Jenkins, a key theorist of new media and media convergence draws on the theory that collective intelligence can be attributed to media convergence and par Tom Atlee and George Pór, on the other hand, feel that while group theory and artificial intelligence have something to offer, the field of collectiv
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  • The theory of intentionality states that every mental [[phenomenon]] (that is, every [ ...h century philosophers such as [[Gilbert Ryle]] and [[A J Ayer]] have been critical of Husserl's concept of intentionality and his many layers of consciousness
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  • ...t revision ("Wilber-IV") of his own philosophy, which he called [[Integral theory]]. He also established the [[Integral Institute]] as a think-tank for furt ...uthor of the book, 'Philosophy of Integralism,' he later developed his own theory of [[Integral psychology]]. Along with [[Frederic Spiegelberg]], he wrote t
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  • Numerous [[critical]] [[perspectives]] exist that propose that an empowerment [[paradigm]] is p *Wilkinson, A. 1998. Empowerment: theory and practice. Personnel Review. [online]. Vol. 27, No. 1, 40-56. Available
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  • ...alified approval of some of the Greek teachings which had to do with the [[theory]] that the [[material]] [[things]] of the world are [[shadow]]y [[reflectio ...or [[facts]] of misadaptation are disclosed on the [[material]] level by [[critical]] [[observation]] and by [[scientific]] [[analysis]]; on the [[moral]] leve
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  • :14. a. An explanatory or critical annotation or comment appended to a passage in a book, manuscript, etc. ...ations can be grouped under the same pitch class. In [[tradition]]al music theory pitch classes are represented by the first seven letters of the [[Latin]] [
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  • ...hope I wasn't misinterpreting or getting it incorrect, but - it is such a critical time and I would like to think that I'm doing my part and what I can in doi TOMAS: It is a very old [[theory]] on [[your planet]]. Way before the [[Material Son and Daughter]] were her
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  • Though Nietzsche was critical of theories concerning what could not be observed, he believed that theorie ...m up all this by saying that the ''criterion of the scientific status of a theory is its falsifiability, or refutability, or testability''."[https://cla.calp
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  • ...le's evaluations of others. [https://www.tcw.utwente.nl/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20lusters/Interpersonal%20Communication%20and%20Relations/Social_Identity_T ...n biological characteristics. The second, rooted in social constructionist theory, takes the view that identity is formed by a predominantly political choice
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  • ...sm]] the romantic might be considered an example of [[alienation]]. In his theory of [[mimesis|mimetic]] desire, [[Rene Girard]] attempts to make sense of su ...the context of the relationship), emotional and personal, soulful (in the theory that the [[mind]], [[soul]], and [[body]], are one connected entity), [[int
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  • ...tical of confirmation bias, lent his scientific credibility to support the theory, coauthoring a paper with Jung on the subject. Some of the evidence that Pa ...ty. In the 1980s film ''Repo Man (1984 film)'' Miller's "Plate 'o' Shrimp" theory [https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Repo_Man the wikiquote page on ''Repo Man'']
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  • ...s dance studies (dance [[practice (learning method)|practice]], [[critical theory]], [[Musical analysis]] and [[history]]) began to be considered an [[academ ...[[Cultural Studies]], [[Gender Studies]], [[Area studies]], [[Postcolonial theory]], [[Ethnography]], etc.
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  • America’s redefinition of purpose and intent been more critical in [[cosmic]] I have found from those among you the general systems science [[theory]] of
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  • ...]] and of [[scientific]] [[communities]] that there exists no scientific [[theory]], generally accepted and based upon methodologically sound [[research]], t ...inwashing theory espoused "lacks the [[scientific]] rigor and evenhanded [[critical]] approach [[necessary]] for APA imprimatur", and concluded that "after muc
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  • ...between those two parties. But subsequent generations were to large extent critical towards the Mutazilite school, especially after formation of the [[Asharite ...n with the active intellect, which latter emanates from God. To admit this theory would be to deny the [[immortality]] of the soul.
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  • ...trends. Traditionally, history has been studied with some practical or [[theory|theoretical]] aim, but now it is also studied simply out of intellectual cu ...n.Btitle=Unwrapping+the+Sacred+Bundle][https://pzacad.pitzer.edu/%7Edsegal/theory/yanasegal.pdf Introduction available online]. Reviewed by [https://www.anth
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  • Rayson: I do not mean to be critical, but that would be a curiosity question on your part. There are individuals ...at this time that are critical areas of public finance, but there are also critical areas in dealing with police affairs and drugs. Do you have any guidance to
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  • ...trast Aron's approach with Dabrowski's concept of over-excitability in his theory of Positive Disintegration. ...der of the increasingly applied Schema Therapy, although never having been critical of HSP writers or writings, links high sensitivity, or as he calls it, the
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  • ...isfaction]] with that which you do and do not be overly concerned with the critical [[opinions]] of others. Persevere. ...mia hypoglycemia]. There is little [[evidence]] for that now. The latest [[theory]] is that they are from [[stress]]. Just before I faint everything gets [[d
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  • In its most prominent form, secularism is critical of [[religious]] orthodoxy and asserts that religion impedes human progress *Berger, Peter L. (1967) The Sacred Canopy: Elements of a Sociological Theory of Religion. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
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  • Even in [[structuralism|structuralist]] social theory, power appears as a ''process'', an aspect to an ongoing social relationshi ...ssociated with [[Alfred Adler]], place power dynamics at the core of their theory (where orthodox [[Freudian]]s might place [[human sexuality|sexuality]]).
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  • ...more important, I'll show how modern cosmology, the standard [[big-bang]] theory, can function as a true [[metaphor]]-one that can go far beyond provoking o ...rn cosmology solidly rests on the interplay between [[Einstein]]'s elegant theory of [[general relativity]] and observations from a variety of dazzling moder
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  • ...ps must be repeatable in order to predict dependably any future results. [[Theory#Science|Theories]] that encompass wider domains of inquiry may bind many hy ...nquiry, observation includes both unconditioned observations (prior to any theory) as well as the observation of the experiment and its results.
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  • apparent slowing of time at the point of critical juncture apparent in an intense the theory of Darwinism with the religion of a Creator of all life in the universe. I
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  • * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_theory Culture theory] ...milar to quantitative or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_geography critical geographies].
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  • ...there has been enough time, when the status of the planet has reached its critical mass. We are engaged in a great pursuit with a great number of variables, a ...ough to include this circuitry in their constructs of reality. But this is theory, my friend, we are in a lab at this time. We are researching and we are dev
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  • This responsibility, this ability-to-respond is the most critical facet of your personality. It’s your ability to respond with what you you ...eet is in this same situation. They too are co-creating their reality. The critical difference is always, simply: how conscious is this creativity, and how muc
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  • ...]] assets (tanks, soldiers, aircraft, naval vessels, etc.), the developing theory of [[soft power]] notes that power projection does not necessarily have to ...f these theoretical tasks, power is clearly a central concept for feminist theory as well. And yet, curiously, it is one that is not often explicitly discuss
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  • ...of earlier lives in peer-reviewed journals and elsewhere. [[Skeptic]]s are critical of this work and say that more reincarnation research is needed.[3] ...cs like Ajivikism, Jainism and Buddhism. The Indo-aryans have borrowed the theory of re-birth after coming in contact with the aboriginal inhabitants of Indi
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  • ...re, so you can learn to love them more. Seek to let go of a judgmental and critical attitude towards all others. Even the downtrodden and the homeless will fee I tell you this, because you know this in theory, but you have not nearly enough put this into practice. I desire that this
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  • '''Idealism''' is any system or theory that maintains that the "real" is of the nature of thought or that the obje ...) reducing material objects to ideas in a mind or minds. Moreover, Plato's theory of the separation of soul and body could be seen as an earlier, rougher for
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  • ...tatus and acceptance in ones' social group. According to terror management theory, self-esteem serves a protective function and reduces anxiety about life an ...cans assumed as a matter of course that students' self-esteem acted as a [[critical]] factor in the grades that they earn in school, in their relationships wit
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  • ::1908 E. S. ANDREWS Theory & Design of Structures i. 27 The work done per unit volume of a material in ...S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). "The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Development, 71(3), 543-56
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  • In political theory, ''democracy'' describes a small number of related forms of [[government]] Plato's '' Republic'' presents a critical view of democracy through the narration of [[Socrates]]:
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  • ...r [[meridians]]) present in the subtle bodies which are thereby activated. Critical (indeed central) to development of one’s latent spiritual faculties is th * [https://www.imprint.co.uk/Wilber.htm Ken Wilber's Integral Theory of Consciousness] from ''Journal of Consciousness Studies''
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  • ...rized about the origins of religious feelings in human beings, proposing a theory of animism as the earliest stage, and noting that "religion" has many compo ...n new directions through their introduction of explicitly Marxist-informed theory, their emphasis on conflicts and conflict resolution, and their attention t
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  • ...ent use of the chemical balance, used oxygen to overthrow the [[phlogiston theory]], and developed a new system of chemical nomenclature and made contributio #Chemistry [1803], [[John Dalton|Dalton]] publishes his ''Atomic Theory''
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  • ...n power; however, many scholars have questioned this view of Machiavelli's theory, arguing that "Machiavelli did not invent 'Machiavellism' and may not even ...Government]]''. In the ''First Treatise of Government'', Locke refutes the theory of the [[Divine Right of Kings]] as put forward by [[Robert Filmer]]; he "m
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  • ...tretched to its limit, developed an infection which he later died of. This theory was supported by Kepler's first-hand account. ...s decisive for his choice of astronomy as a profession. Tycho was strongly critical of those who dismissed the implications of the astronomical appearance, wri
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  • ...wiki/Michael_Polanyi Michael Polanyi] ''Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy'', ISBN 0-226-67288-3 ...s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Grunbaum Adolf Grunbaum] ''Psychoanalytic Theory and Science''
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  • ...tr. G. mischung (Freud Das Ich und das Es (1923) iv. 50).] In [[Freudi]]an theory, the union and balance of life and death instincts which exist in normal pe ...ed from an uncontrolled process of nuclear fusion; spec. a hydrogen bomb; (critical) fusion frequency [tr. G. verschmelzungsfrequenz (J. v. Kries 1903, in Zeit
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  • ...re at least 22 different theoretical orientations regarding the underlying theory of understanding of human mentation and human development. The various appr .... Breuer in 1893 of case reports of the treatment of hysteria. This first theory became untenable as an explanation of all incidents of hysteria. As a resul
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  • ...also in Germany and in Italy. Marxists call this early stage of communist theory "utopian socialism" while their own views as "scientific socialism" or "sci [[Marxism]], the by far most important communist theory, was created by Karl Marx a Friedrich Engels around 1850. The philosopher L
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  • ...an what he’s actually doing. That’s why, I think, it leads right into this critical thing of will-power—what it is to be a creature of free will dignity, and ...e written these plays. It had to be someone of the noble caste. And it’s a theory that has gone on for hundreds of years. They say that someone, brought up a
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  • ...to have as much information as possible in any circumstance that requires critical thought and diplomacy. This is where your role in the drama is critical. Every time and each time someone tunes in to the divine circuits and begi
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  • ...f the New Heavens and New Earth. Alternatively, according to the Preterist theory, the events of the latter part of the Apocalypse of John are interpreted as ...ionysius of Alexandria]] ([[247]]) rejected it, upon doctrinal rather than critical grounds. [[Eusebius]] ([[315]]) suspended his judgment, hesitating between
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  • ...udy the [[human condition]] using methods that are largely [[analytic]], [[critical]], or [[speculative]], as distinguished from the mainly [[empirical]] appro ...s learn to play [[musical instrument|instruments]], but also study [[music theory]], [[musicology]], [[history of music]] and [[musical composition|compositi
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  • ...ugmenting [[knowledge]], resolving [[doubt]], or solving a [[problem]]. A theory of inquiry is an account of the various types of inquiry and a treatment of ...ormative science]] of [[logic]]. In its inception, the pragmatic model or theory of inquiry was extracted by Peirce from its raw materials in classical logi
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  • ...d the practical need to focus research. It does not necessarily reflect a theory of culture that conceptually distinguishes between the material, the social ...on that they could apply to a wider variety of societies. Attentive to the theory of [[evolution]], they assumed that all human beings evolved equally, and t
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  • ...arty of the Soviet Union - then controlled by Joseph Stalin - rejected the theory that socialism could not be built solely in the Soviet Union, and declared ...ing Communists to work with rank and file Social Democrats while remaining critical of their leaders, who they criticized for "betraying" the working class by
    43 KB (6,246 words) - 02:32, 13 December 2020
  • ====Practice and theory==== ...ctitioners in many fields of knowledge, particularly when an academic is [[critical]] of the actions of a practitioner. Depending on the degree of criticism, t
    33 KB (5,046 words) - 23:36, 12 December 2020
  • ...d the practical need to focus research. It does not necessarily reflect a theory of culture that conceptually distinguishes between the material, the social ...on that they could apply to a wider variety of societies. Attentive to the theory of [[evolution]], they assumed that all human beings evolved equally, and t
    36 KB (5,216 words) - 23:45, 12 December 2020
  • Not to be confused with [[informatics]] or [[information theory]]. Information science should not be confused with [[information theory]], the study of a particular mathematical concept of information, or with [
    36 KB (5,042 words) - 00:27, 13 December 2020
  • ...se transcripts in the future understand this holism, this general critical theory of the oneness of all human activity. It is inescapable, it is inescapable
    39 KB (7,100 words) - 12:28, 2 December 2019
  • ...opean Reformers and [[Puritans]]. Some in the modern Reformed churches are critical of this understanding,[2] while other Calvinists affirm Theonomy.[3] ...ch, and civil; and that Biblical Law must be incorporated into a Christian theory of Biblical ethics.
    16 KB (2,430 words) - 02:41, 13 December 2020

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