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• Ridicule
  ...an straw man] of the [[actual]] [[argument]], rather than addressing the [[argument]] itself. For example: ...o [[humans]]!" (This is not implied by the theory of evolution, thus the [[argument]] is false.)
  3 KB (428 words) - 02:35, 13 December 2020
• Valid
  :b : [[logic]]ally correct <a valid argument> <valid [[inference]]> ...ent is where the conclusion does not follow from the premises. A deductive argument may be valid but not sound. In other [[words]], validity is a [[necessary]]
  2 KB (224 words) - 02:42, 13 December 2020
• Fallacies
  *3 : an often plausible [[argument]] using false or invalid [[inference]] ...tructured]] using [[rhetorical]] [[patterns]] that obscure the [[logical]] argument, making fallacies more [[difficult]] to [[diagnose]]. Also, the components
  1 KB (152 words) - 00:16, 13 December 2020
• Premise
  ...a [[proposition]] antecedently [[supposed]] or [[proved]] as a basis of [[argument]] or [[inference]]; specifically : either of the first two propositions of ...]: a premise is an [[assumption]] that something is true. In [[logic]], an argument requires a set of [[two]] declarative sentences (or "[[propositions]]") kno
  3 KB (406 words) - 02:37, 13 December 2020
• Premises
  ...a [[proposition]] antecedently [[supposed]] or [[proved]] as a basis of [[argument]] or [[inference]]; specifically : either of the first two propositions of ...a premise is an [[assumption]] that something is true. In [[logic]], an [[argument]] requires a set of [[two]] declarative sentences (or "propositions") known
  3 KB (418 words) - 02:32, 13 December 2020
• Contradiction
  *3 a : [[logical]] incongruity ...opositions, taken [[together]], yield two conclusions which [[form]] the [[logical]], usually [[opposite]] inversions of each other. [[Illustrating]] a genera
  3 KB (388 words) - 23:43, 12 December 2020
• Debate
  ...sn't the case or [[rhetoric]] which is [[technique]] of persuasion. Though logical consistency, factual accuracy as well as some [[emotion]]al appeal to [[aud ...them. However one large misconception about debate is that it is all about argument; it is not.
  4 KB (660 words) - 23:45, 12 December 2020
• Attack
  ...e person [[advocating]] the premise. The ''ad hominem'' is a [[classic]] [[logical]] [[fallacy]]. The ''argumentum ad hominem'' is not always [[fallacious]], ...ut the opponent's [[personal]] [[character]] have nothing to do with the [[logical]] merits of the opponent's [[arguments]] or assertions.
  2 KB (342 words) - 23:40, 12 December 2020
• Superficial
  ...al, or alternatively, an "over-simplified" [[argument]] is prone to many [[logical]] fallacies: including hasty generalization, division, composition and many
  2 KB (220 words) - 15:48, 30 December 2009
• Dichotomy
  A ''false dichotomy'' is a logical [[fallacy]] consisting of a [[supposed]] dichotomy which fails one or both ...://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Two_Cultures ''The Two Cultures'']). In ''The Argument Culture'' (1998), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deborah_Tannen Deborah Tan
  3 KB (500 words) - 23:56, 12 December 2020
• Infallible
  ...t may mean that an [[arbitrary]] [[decision]] must be made, and then not [[Argument|disputed]]. ...//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Albert Hans Albert] presented a [[logical]] [[argument]] that fallibilism is ubiquitous and inevitable, even in the fields of [[ma
  4 KB (589 words) - 00:00, 13 December 2020
• Arbitrary
  ...and and purpose. This is somewhat related to the argument from design, the argument for God's existence because a purpose can be found in the universe.
  4 KB (560 words) - 23:43, 12 December 2020
• Rational
  ...an inference is drawn in ordered ways (thus a [[syllogism]] is a rational argument in this sense). The other part associates rationality with explanation, und A [[logic]]al argument is sometimes described as "rational" if it is logically valid. However, rat
  9 KB (1,369 words) - 02:32, 13 December 2020
• Example
  ...re derived from Lat. through French. In the arrangement below the presumed logical order has been adopted in preference to the order in which the senses are r *2. [[Logic]]. = [[Greek]] ([[Aristotle]]). The species of [[argument]] in which the major premiss of a syllogism is assumed from a particular in
  3 KB (387 words) - 22:16, 12 December 2020
• Supposition
  *1: Something held to be true and taken as the basis of an [[argument]]. ...ch is assumed (which may be either [[true]] or [[false]]), as a basis of [[argument]] or a premiss from which a conclusion is drawn.
  5 KB (758 words) - 02:37, 13 December 2020
• 2013-06-20-The Solution is Within
  ...er. For the scientists among you, this may sound like a weak argument or a logical fallacy. However, consider that an exposition based on anthropology and bio
  3 KB (413 words) - 22:35, 4 April 2020
• Theorems
  ...e derivation rules. The proof of a mathematical theorem is a [[logical]] [[argument]] demonstrating that the [[conclusions]] are a [[necessary]] consequence of
  3 KB (478 words) - 02:42, 13 December 2020
• 101:2 The Fact of Religion
  ...s]] of [[nature]] and the theology of religion into a [[consistent]] and [[logical]] universe [[philosophy]], a [[co-ordinated]] and unbroken [[explanation]] ...ansient as to [[individualities]]. [[Nature]] does not afford ground for [[logical]] [[belief]] in human-[[personality]] [[survival]]. The [[religious]] man w
  9 KB (1,198 words) - 22:59, 12 December 2020
• Fallible
  ...to prove any [[truth]] with certainty, even in logic and mathematics. This argument is called the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCnchhausen_Trilemma Mün ...ernate definition of epistemological fallibilism to resolve this suggested logical inconsistency. He postulates that the only logically consistent way of asse
  5 KB (724 words) - 23:56, 12 December 2020
• Definition
  ...l usage, but a stipulative definition can only be disproved by showing a [[logical]] [[contradiction]]. ...f a term, while in [[reality]] stipulating an altered use, perhaps as an [[argument]] for some specific view.
  6 KB (978 words) - 23:42, 12 December 2020
• Rhetoric
  ..., or [[point of view]], by presenting sound reasoning, [[discussion]], and argument that thoroughly convince the [[reader]]. Persuasive writing is a type of ar ...]] for sequencing or putting details and [[information]] into some kind of logical order, usually [[chronological]]. Working with narration helps us see clear
  5 KB (679 words) - 01:49, 13 December 2020
• Pretext
  ...This oft-repeated phrase was the ultimate conclusion of all [[logical]] [[argument]] in every oration, regardless of the subject of the [[speech]]. This [[pat
  4 KB (650 words) - 02:32, 13 December 2020
• Omniscience
  ...y with free will has been a debated topic by theists and philosophers. The argument that divine foreknowledge is not compatible with free will is known as theo ...be forced to swerve to avoid a collision — this is assuming each player is logical and follows optimal [[strategy]].[8]
  9 KB (1,481 words) - 01:24, 13 December 2020
• 125:5 The Third Day in the Temple
  ...[[egoistic]] [[desire]] to win an [[argument]] merely to [[experience]] [[logical]] triumph over his fellows, being interested [[supremely]] in just one thin
  5 KB (724 words) - 22:59, 12 December 2020
• 4.6 The Ego-Body Illusion
  ...non-threat to itself. In one sense the ego's [[fear of God]] is at least [[logical]], since the [[idea]] of Him does dispel the ego. But [[fear]] of the body, ...h the ego feels safe, since the body's [[vulnerability]] is its own best [[argument]] that you cannot be of [[God]]. This is the [[belief]] that the ego sponso
  5 KB (843 words) - 22:01, 12 December 2020
• Silence
  ...he assumption that someone's silence on a matter suggests ("proves" when a logical fallacy) that person's ignorance of the matter. In general, ''ex silentio''
  7 KB (1,177 words) - 02:37, 13 December 2020
• Skepticism
  ...propositions could not rely on each other, as this would create a circular argument (as p implies q and q implies p). For the skeptics such logic was thus an i
  10 KB (1,451 words) - 02:32, 13 December 2020
• Deduction
  '''Deductive reasoning''' is [[reasoning]] which uses deductive [[argument]]s to move from given statements ([[premise]]s), which are assumed to be tr ...l evidence to a particular truth or conclusion; whereas with induction the logical dynamic is precisely the reverse. Inductive reasoning starts with a parti
  7 KB (1,002 words) - 23:45, 12 December 2020
• Logic
  ...ient Greek|Classical Greek]] λόγος [[logos]]; meaning word, thought, idea, argument, account, reason, or principle) is the study of valid [[inference]] and [[d * '''[[Informal logic]]''' is the study of [[natural language]] [[Logical argument|arguments]]. The study of [[fallacies]] is an especially important branch
  33 KB (4,933 words) - 01:20, 13 December 2020
• 2004-06-21-Correcting Time Successful Through Your Ministry
  ...comfortable speaking their minds to Jesus. He was gentle with them and yet logical. He always had them reach for the best inside them. The apostles, on the ot ...couple to become better as people, no. There would have only been further argument and resentment.
  6 KB (998 words) - 17:18, 27 December 2010
• Philosophy
  ...attempt to categorize every valid [[syllogism]]. A syllogism is a form of argument that is guaranteed to be accepted, because it is known (by all educated per ...ave been an uncaused "first cause." This is God. Aquinas also adapted this argument to prove the goodness of God. Everything has some goodness, and the cause o
  18 KB (2,743 words) - 02:22, 13 December 2020
• Sophism
  ...ifferent]] [[things]]: In the modern definition, a sophism is a specious [[argument]] used for [[deceiving]] someone. In Ancient Greece, the sophists were a gr ...roles of [[traditional]] [[deities]] (this was done to make "the weaker [[argument]] appear the stronger") and [[investigating]] into the [[nature]] of the [[
  12 KB (1,736 words) - 01:56, 13 December 2020
• Existence
  ...atical predicate, but philosophers have long disputed whether it is also a logical predicate. Some philosophers claim that it predicates something, and has t However, this argument may be inverted by realists in arguing that since the sentence "Socrates is
  18 KB (2,919 words) - 23:57, 12 December 2020
• Integration
  ...rtain process. Apart from that one argument, there is practically no other logical reason in support of either racial or cultural integration. 1951 J. D. L. K
  6 KB (867 words) - 22:32, 12 December 2020
• Western Philosophy
  ...ticism (philosophy)|critically]]'' (in which case the main question is the logical question of whether what past philosophers said was true or false, and what ..."possibly" and "necessarily", or [[temporal logic]], which deals with the logical relationships established by the ''[[tense]]'' of a sentence.
  18 KB (2,593 words) - 02:41, 13 December 2020
• 1995-06-02-Trust
  ...reading]] this I find myself very unhappy with not being able to find an [[argument]]. Could you in any way help?" ...[Ed. note: [[116:0|See UB page 1268, first two paragraphs]] for similar [[argument]]] So one can not find the answer in [[logic]].
  28 KB (4,607 words) - 23:23, 12 December 2020
• 2005-04-03-Perform To You Highest Capacity
  ...lity that is tangible to another. It is through association over and above argument that another will begin to shift the mind to the entertainment of a contrar
  12 KB (2,199 words) - 19:38, 22 February 2014
• Inquiry
  ...that it provides us with doubly instructive exercises in the use of his [[logical graph]]s, taken at the level of his so-called '[[alpha graph]]s'. ...modes of statement are distinguished by the roles that they play within an argument, not by their style of expression. When the time comes to branch out from
  52 KB (6,966 words) - 00:09, 13 December 2020
• Medieval Philosophy
  ...However, the theological works of medieval writers use the [[ideas]] and [[logical]] techniques of the ancient philosophers to address difficult theological q ...on translations by [[Boethius]] into Latin of Aristotle's Categories, the logical work On Interpretation, and his Latin translation of [[Porphyry]]'s Isagoge
  24 KB (3,630 words) - 01:29, 13 December 2020
• Analogy
  ...to such a process. In a narrower sense, analogy is an [[inference]] or an argument from one particular to another particular, as opposed to deduction, inducti * The logical and mathematical tradition speaks of an ''arrow'', ''[[homomorphism]]'', ''
  22 KB (3,253 words) - 23:42, 12 December 2020
• Dialogue
  Plato further simplified the form and reduced it to pure [[Logical argument|argumentative]] conversation, while leaving intact the amusing element of [ ...]], there can be no dialogic relations; they cannot exist among objects or logical quantities (concepts, judgments, and so forth). Dialogic relations presuppo
  14 KB (2,141 words) - 00:16, 13 December 2020
• Shelling's and Bakhtin's Process Thinking
  ...owing Spinoza, Schelling was a determinist, assuming the world to have the logical necessity of a system, but following Kant, Schelling upheld the reality of ...revealed to mankind. In addition, Dostoevsky was influenced by Schelling’s argument that the highest truths were closed to discursive reason but accessible to
  33 KB (5,164 words) - 16:50, 3 September 2010
• Idealism
  ...Kant's conception of the "thing-in-itself," or the type of epistemological argument that led Kant to that conception. Still less does Hegel endorse Berkeley's ...gical structure of the world, one has also reached an understanding of the logical structure of [[God]]'s mind. Climacus claims Hegel's [[absolute idealism]]
  44 KB (7,015 words) - 00:05, 13 December 2020
• 2008-02-25-Co-Creative Design Team
  ...and that you may have some equally important values as well. There is no argument to this at all. You must begin from some point, and this is where we have ...n a way that could bring harm to the other person. Is this logical or non-logical, or is this a grand rationalization? What would you say?
  21 KB (3,805 words) - 14:26, 25 December 2010
• Discourse
  ...mposed of several sentences — in other words, [[conversation]]s, [[Logical argument|arguments]] or [[Speech (public address)|speeches]].
  17 KB (2,437 words) - 00:33, 13 December 2020
• Paper 101 - The Real Nature of Religion
  ...an]] [[philosophy]], but as a [[mortal]] [[experience]] it is altogether [[logical]]. [[Religion]] is the experiencing of [[divinity]] in the [[consciousness] ...s]] of [[nature]] and the theology of religion into a [[consistent]] and [[logical]] universe [[philosophy]], a [[co-ordinated]] and unbroken [[explanation]]
  59 KB (8,025 words) - 01:22, 13 December 2020
• Atheism
  ...on that atheism requires a leap of faith. Common atheist responses to this argument include that unproven religious propositions deserve as much disbelief as a ...hilosophical argument. In contrast, practical atheism requires no specific argument, and can include indifference to and ignorance of the [[idea]] of gods.
  60 KB (8,700 words) - 23:45, 12 December 2020
• Duality
  ...exia nervosa]] and [[bulimia nervosa]], is the most telling and compelling argument that dualism is central to modern thinking. Furthermore, Western dualism is
  14 KB (2,080 words) - 23:56, 12 December 2020
• Intervention
  It is thus logical that invoking the principles of humanitarian intervention in such an asymme *[https://them.polylog.org/5/awm-en.htm The Argument about Humanitarian Intervention] By Michael Walzer
  15 KB (2,421 words) - 01:24, 13 December 2020
• Algorithm
  <blockquote>...Turing's informal argument in favor of his thesis justifies a stronger thesis: every algorithm can be ...ogical outcomes "true" and "false" Kleene also proposes the use of a third logical symbol "u" — undecided (Kleene 1952:326) — thus an algorithm will alway
  49 KB (7,317 words) - 23:40, 12 December 2020

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