Difference between revisions of "Vaccine"
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==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
French ''vaccin'', from ''vaccine'' cowpox, from New Latin ''vaccina'' (in ''variolae'' ''vaccinae'' cowpox), from ''Latin'', feminine of ''vaccinus'', adjective, of or from cows, from ''vacca'' cow; akin to [[Sanskrit]] ''vaśa'' cow | French ''vaccin'', from ''vaccine'' cowpox, from New Latin ''vaccina'' (in ''variolae'' ''vaccinae'' cowpox), from ''Latin'', feminine of ''vaccinus'', adjective, of or from cows, from ''vacca'' cow; akin to [[Sanskrit]] ''vaśa'' cow | ||
| − | *[ | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 1813] |
| − | The term vaccine derives from [ | + | The term vaccine derives from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Jenner Edward Jenner]'s 1796 use of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cowpox cow pox] to inoculate humans, providing them [[protection]] against [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallpox smallpox]. |
==Definition== | ==Definition== | ||
1: a [[preparation]] of killed microorganisms, living attenuated [[organisms]], or living fully virulent organisms that is administered to produce or artificially increase [[immunity]] to a particular [[disease]] | 1: a [[preparation]] of killed microorganisms, living attenuated [[organisms]], or living fully virulent organisms that is administered to produce or artificially increase [[immunity]] to a particular [[disease]] | ||
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A '''vaccine''' is a [[biological]] preparation that improves [[immunity]] to a particular [[disease]]. A vaccine typically contains an [[agent]] that resembles a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent [[stimulates]] the body's [[immune]] system to recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and "remember" it, so that the immune system can more easily [[recognize]] and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters. | A '''vaccine''' is a [[biological]] preparation that improves [[immunity]] to a particular [[disease]]. A vaccine typically contains an [[agent]] that resembles a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent [[stimulates]] the body's [[immune]] system to recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and "remember" it, so that the immune system can more easily [[recognize]] and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters. | ||
| − | Vaccines can be [ | + | Vaccines can be [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophylaxis prophylactic] (example: to prevent or ameliorate the effects of a [[future]] [[infection]] by any natural or "wild" [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogen pathogen]), or [[therapeutic]] (e.g. vaccines against cancer are also being investigated; see [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_vaccine cancer vaccine]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine] |
[[Category: Health]] | [[Category: Health]] | ||
[[Category: Biology]] | [[Category: Biology]] | ||
[[Category: Chemistry]] | [[Category: Chemistry]] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:41, 13 December 2020
Origin
French vaccin, from vaccine cowpox, from New Latin vaccina (in variolae vaccinae cowpox), from Latin, feminine of vaccinus, adjective, of or from cows, from vacca cow; akin to Sanskrit vaśa cow
The term vaccine derives from Edward Jenner's 1796 use of cow pox to inoculate humans, providing them protection against smallpox.
Definition
1: a preparation of killed microorganisms, living attenuated organisms, or living fully virulent organisms that is administered to produce or artificially increase immunity to a particular disease
Description
A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and "remember" it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters.
Vaccines can be prophylactic (example: to prevent or ameliorate the effects of a future infection by any natural or "wild" pathogen), or therapeutic (e.g. vaccines against cancer are also being investigated; see cancer vaccine. [1]
