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...ient_Greek_Philosophy ancient Greek philosophy], making contributions to [[logic]], metaphysics, [[mathematics]], [[physics]], [[biology]], botany, [[ethics ...tional logic] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predicate_logic predicate logic] 2000 years later.

[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Fuzzy-logic.jpg|right|frame]] ...a [[property]] of [[concepts]] (especially [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predicate predicates]). A concept is vague:

...erm_logic Aristotelian logic], although in contemporary [[mathematical]] [[logic]] the term satisfiable is used instead. The [[syntactic]] definition states ...cs, such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-order_logic second-order logic], are not complete.

* [[Logic]] studies the laws of valid inference. ...century, has built numerous [[formal system]]s that embody [[Aristotelian logic]] (or variants thereof).

...or state of existing; ‘actual possession of being’ (J.). in existence: as predicate = ‘extant’. ...g the predicate 'exists' can be reduced to statements that do not use this predicate. For example, 'A Four-leaved clover exists.' can be rephrased as 'There is

...gic of [[Gottlob Frege]], which overthrew Aristotelian logic (the dominant logic since its inception in Ancient Greece), and the early work of [[Wittgenstei

'''Logic''' (from [[Ancient Greek|Classical Greek]] λόγος [[logos]]; meaning wo ...reasoning using [[probability]] and to arguments involving [[causality]]. Logic is also commonly used today in [[argumentation theory]]. J. Robert Cox and

...IUM n. 1a; (b) an attribute or characteristic corresponding to a one-place predicate.

...t.html#mod), but popularized much later, represents propositions and basic logic, and can derive conclusions from known premises. [[KL-ONE]] (1980s) is more ...ions, such as [[truth table]]s, which were used to study and model Boolean logic, for example. [[Spreadsheet]]s are yet another tabular representation of kn

:b (1) : denying a predicate of a subject or a part of a subject <"no A is B" is a negative proposition> ...ars a much wider range of [[function]]s and [[meaning]]s than it does in [[logic]], where the interpretation of signs for negation is constrained by [[axiom

...s (see quot. 1965); a set of basic truth tables for a particular system of logic (see quot. 1973). Freq. attrib. ...ropositional function n. at PROPOSITIONAL adj. Special uses. Also (esp. in predicate calculus): a quantifier-free part of a formula (see quots. 1954 , 1971).

...ists have proposed that the mind contains such mental representations as [[Logic|logical]] propositions, rules, [[concepts]], images, and analogies, and tha ===Formal logic===

...[literary theory]], and specializations within [[philosophy]] outside of [[logic]], speaks of a mapping from what is typically the more familiar area of exp ...]]'' held to this notion. Kant argued that there can be exactly the same [[Logic of relatives|relation]] between two completely different objects. The same

...o abandon futile attempts to understand the nature of the universe through logic. ...] -- [[Vaisesika]] -- [[Vedanta]] -- [[Bhakti]] -- [[Carvaka]] -- [[Indian logic]]''

...tem]]s come into being starting from a small set of axioms and rules. In [[logic]], the time that an algorithm requires to complete cannot be measured, as i ...trol component is fixed and algorithms are specified by supplying only the logic component. The appeal of this approach is the elegant [[Formal semantics of